Фазовая диаграмма системы Nb-Si

К оглавлению: Другие диаграммы (Others phase diargams)

Nb-Si (Niobium-Silicon) H. Okamoto, A.B. Gokhale, and G.J. Abbaschian The assessed phase diagram for the Nb-Si system is based on the data of [80Koc] , with review of the data of [55Kna] and [58Sam]. Some Si is soluble in (Nb) [55Kna]. [80Koc] determined the solubility as 0.7 at.% at 1830 C and 0.5 at.% at 1700 C. The composition at the eutectic temperature is 3.5 at.% Si [89Lip]. Nb is not soluble in (Si) [60Gol]. The Si-rich eutectic composition is ~90 at.% Si [51Joh] or 98 at.% Si [80Koc]. Amorphous Nb-Si alloys can be obtained in the composition range 17 to 21 at.% Si [79Wat, 80Mas] by liquid quenching. Because a fast cooling rate is required, only thin foils are available, even for 19 at.% Si alloy (the middle of the reported range and close to the eutectic composition) [80Sur]. A 25 at.% Si amorphous alloy can be made by vapor deposition [77Tsu]. The superconducting transition temperature of amorphous Nb-Si is 4.4 K at 18 at.% Si [80Mas], decreasing linearly to 3.9 K at 25 at.% Si [77Tsu]. Cubic Nb7Si was obtained by a particle implantation in a stable Ti3P-type Nb3Si film [81Haa, 82Haa]. Nb7Si was found in a composition range between 8 and 13 at.% Si. It has a similar lattice parameter as A15-type Nb3Si, but the superconducting transition temperatures are higher (max TC = 17.7 K) [81Haa]. Cr3Si (A15)-type Nb3Si (Nb3Si.m in this evaluation) is relatively unstable, in comparison with the Ti3P-type Nb3Si, primarily because of a strong electrochemical interaction between Nb and Si atoms [75Wat1]. However, because the Cr3Si-type Nb3Si.m was expected to have high superconducting transition temperatures (>25 K) [64Gol, 74Dew, 75Dew, 75Gel], various attempts have been made to synthesize it. This has been done successfully by chemical vapor deposition, sputtering, shock compression, ion implantation, crystallization of amorphous alloys, and epitaxial growth. The highest superconducting transition temperature was observed by [77Som] at 14 K, not as high as expected. [73Leg] found a bcc W-type phase (same type as the terminal (Nb) phase), coexisting with a tetragonal phase in an alloy formed by a reaction of 3Nb + Si at 1200 and 1700 C under ~27 kbar pressure. The composition of this bcc phase is unknown. Tetragonal Nb3Si-I forms from the pure elements at pressures above ~30 kbar and temperatures below ~1800 C [73Leg]. 41Wal: H.J. Wallbaum, Z. Metallkd., 33, 378-381 (1941) in German. 51Joh: W.R. Johnson and M. Hansen, Tech. Rep. 6383, U.S. Air Force, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH (1951); quoted in [Hansen]. 54Sch: H. Schachner, E. Cerwenka, and H. Nowotny, Monatsh. Chem., 85(1), 245- 254 (1954) in German. 55Kna: A.G. Knapton, Nature, 175, 730 (1955). 55Par1: E. Parthe, B. Lux, and H. Nowotny, Monatsh. Chem., 86(5), 859-867 ( 1955) in German. 55Par2: E. Parthe, H. Nowotny, and H. Schmid, Monatsh. Chem., 86(3), 385-396 ( 1955) in German. 55Par3: E. Parthe, H. Schachner, and H. Nowotny, Monatsh. Chem., 86(1), 182- 185 (1955) in German. 58Sam: G.V. Samsonov, V.S. Neshpor, and V.A. Ermakova, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 3(4), 868-878 (1958) in Russian. 59Arz: P.M. Arzhany, R.M. Volkova, and D.A. Prokoshkin, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk. Met. Toplivo, (6), 127-129 (1959). 59Swa: H.E. Swanson, N.T. Gilfrich, M.I. Cook, R. Stinchfield, and P.C. Parks, NBS Circ., 539, 70 p (1959). 60Gol: H.J. Goldschmidt, J. Iron Steel Inst. (London), 194, 169-180 (1960). 61Now: H. Nowotny and E. Laube, Planseeber. Pulvermetall., 9, 54-59 (1961) in German. 62Aly: S.I. Alyamovskii, P.V. Gel›d, and I.I. Matveenko, Z. Neorg. Khim., 7(4), 836-843 (1962) in Russian; TR: Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 7(4), 432-435 (1962). 63Bri: L.H. Brixner, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 25, 257-260 (1963). 63Gal: F. Galasso and J. Pyle, Acta Crystallogr., 16, 228-229 (1963). 63Ver: L.F. Verkhorobin and N.N. Matyushenko, Poroshk. Metall., (6), 51-53 ( 1963) in Russian; TR: Sov. Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., (6), 468-469 (1963). 64Gol: L. Gold, Phys. Status Solidi, 4, 261-265 (1964). 64Sch: K. Schubert, A. Ramam, and W. Rossteutscher, Naturwissenschaften, 51(21) , 506-507 (1964) in German. 69Dea: D.K. Deardorff, R.E. Siemens, P.A. Romans, and R.A. McCune, J. Less- Common Met., 18, 11-26 (1969). 72Ham: R.H. Hammond and Z. Hazra, Proc. Low Temperature Conf. 13 (1972), K.D. Timmerhaus, W.J. O'Sullivan, and E.F. Hammelm, Ed., Plenum Press, New York, 465 (1972). 73Leg: J.M. Leger and H.T. Hall, J. Less-Common Met., 32(2), 181-187 (1973). 74Dew: D. Dew-Hughes and V.G. Rivlin, Nature, 250, 723-725 (1974). 74Joh: G.R. Johnson and D.H. Douglass, J. Low Temp. Phys., 14(5-6), 575-595 ( 1974). 75Dew: D. Dew-Hughes, Cryogenics, 15(8), 435-454 (1975). 75Gel: S. Geller, Appl. Phys., 7(4), 321-322 (1975). 75Kaw: H. Kawamura and K. Tachikawa, Phys. Lett. A, 55(1), 65-66 (1975). 75Wat1: R.M. Waterstrat, J. Less-Common Met., 43(1-2), 105-115 (1975). 75Wat2: R.M. Waterstrat, Acta Crystallogr. B, 31, 2765-2769 (1975). 76Kam: L. Kammerdiner, C.T. Wu, and H.L. Luo, J. Low Temp. Phys., 24(1-2), 111- 115 (1976). 77Som: R.E. Somekh and J.E. Evetts, Solid State Commun., 24(10), 733-737 (1977) . 77Tsu: C.C. Tsuei, W.L. Johnson, R.B. Laibowitz, and J.M. Viggiano, Solid State Commun., 24(9), 615-618 (1977). 78Pai: S. Paidassi and J. Spitz, J. Less-Common Met., 61(2), 213-220 (1978). 79Wat: R.M. Waterstrat, F. Haenssler, and J. Muller, J. Appl. Phys., 50(7), 4763-4766 (1979). 80Koc: Yu.A. Kocherzhinskiy, L.M. Yupko, and E.A. Shishkin, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met., (1), (1980) in Russian; TR: Russ. Metall., (1), 184-188 (1980). 80Mas: T. Masumoto, A. Inoue, S. Sakai, H. Kimura, and A. Koshi, Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met., 21, 115-122 (1980). 80Sur: C. Suryanarayana, W.K. Wang, H. Iwasaki, and T. Masumoto, Solid State Comm., 34(11), 861-863 (1980). 80Tog: K. Togano, H. Kumakura, and K. Tachikawa, Phys. Lett. A, 76(1), 83-85 ( 1980). 81Haa: E.L. Haase and D. Meyer, IEEE Trans. Mag., 17(1), 541-544 (1981). 81Wan: W.K. Wang, Y. Syono, T. Goto, H. Iwasaki, A. Inoue, and T. Masumoto, Scr. Metall., 15(12), 1313-1316 (1981). 82Fel: R.D. Feldman, Thin Solid Films, 87(3), 243-258 (1982). 82Haa: E.L. Haase and J. Ruzicka, J. Low Temp. Phys., 47(5-6), 461-466 (1982). 82Wan: W.K. Wang, H. Iwasaki, C. Suryanarayana, T. Masumoto, N. Toyota, T. Fukase, and F. Kogiku, J. Mater. Sci., 17, 1523 (1982). 85Wan: W.K. Wang and F. Spaepen, J. Appl. Phys., 58(11), 4477-4479 (1985). 89Lip: M.D. Lipschutz, A.B. Gokhale, and G.J. Abbaschian, in Refractory Metals-State of the Art, to be publ., TMS (1989). Submitted to the APD Program. Complete evaluation contains 1 figure, 3 tables, and 64 references. Special Points of the Nb-Si System